Biography
Dr. Sarah Kavanagh is a leading expert in teacher education, instructional coaching, and professional development. A former middle and high school teacher, her work aims to make public the intricacies, complexities, and nuances of teachers’ practice and designs for teacher learning. She is at the forefront of efforts to reimagine infrastructures for teacher professional learning across the career span.
Dr. Kavanagh is an associate professor of teacher education in the Learning, Teaching, and Literacies Division. She is also the Director of the Collaboratory for Teaching and Teacher Education and a Co-Principal Investigator of several large research grants investigating designs for K–12 teacher learning. Prior to joining Penn GSE, Dr. Kavanagh was a postdoctoral scholar at Stanford University’s Center to Support Excellence in Teaching and a research scientist at the University of Washington’s College of Education where she also received her Ph.D. She began her career as a middle and high school teacher, first in California’s Bay Area and then in the Baltimore area.
Her research has been funded by the Spencer Foundation, the James S. McDonnell Foundation, and Lucas Education Research, among other organizations, and she has served on the editorial boards of leading educational research journals including the American Educational Research Journal and Reading Research Quarterly. Among other notable academic journals, her research has appeared in the American Educational Research Journal, Educational Researcher, Cognition & Instruction, Teachers College Record, the Journal of Teacher Education, and Teaching and Teacher Education. She also co-authored the book Core Practices for Project-Based Learning: A Guide for Teachers and Leaders (Harvard Education Press, 2021).
Research Interests and Current Projects
Dr. Kavanagh’s current research centers on supporting teachers to translate their justice and equity beliefs and commitments into K–12 educational practices. Her current projects undertake this work in three ways: First, through research into justice-oriented teaching, she investigates the practices of teachers who meaningfully address issues of race, gender, and sexuality with K–12 students. Second, through research into inquiry-based and discourse-rich teaching, she studies how teachers position students as producers rather than consumers of knowledge. Third, through research into the practices of teacher educators, she explores the ways that teacher educators support K–12 teachers to attempt justice-oriented, inquiry-based, and discourse-rich teaching. These current projects are funded by several large, multi-year grants and involve in-depth partnerships with K–12 schools.
- Ph.D. (Curriculum & Instruction) University of Washington, 2014
- B.A. (American Studies) Wesleyan University, 2004
- Teacher education & certification
- Teacher professional development
- Teacher mentoring & coaching
- Teacher learning
- Inquiry & discussion-based teaching practices
- Video: Making PD Authentic and Relevant, webinar at the University of Pennsylvania
- Video: Using the Field to Work on Practice, class at the University of Pennsylvania
- Video: Pondering Excellence in Teaching Series, lecture at Stanford University
- Video: Justice in Practice: Practice-Based Approaches to Learning to Teach for Social Justice, lecture at Harvard University
- Video: Research that Matters: What Makes a Mentor Great?, interview with the University of Washington
Publications
Featured Publications
- Christopher Pupik Dean
- Sarah Schneider Kavanagh
- Zachary Herrmann
- Pam Grossman

Core Practices for Project-Based Learning: A Guide for Teachers and Leaders
Harvard Education Press
Kavanagh, S. S., Gotwalt, E. S., & Farrow, J. (2023). Practice-based coaching for project-based teaching: Understanding relationships between coaching practice and teaching practice. Teaching and Teacher Education, 132, Article 104255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2023.104255
Pupik Dean, C. G., Grossman, P., Enumah, L., Herrmann, Z., & Kavanagh, S. S. (2023). Core practices for project-based learning: Learning from experienced practitioners in the United States. Teaching and Teacher Education, 133, Article 104275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2023.104275
Kavanagh, S. S., Feiman-Nemser, S., Hammerness, K., Matsko, K. K., & Wallace, J. (2023). Stepping in or stepping on: Mentor teachers’ preferences for mentoring inside and outside of interactive teaching. Journal of Teacher Education, 74(3), 274–287. https://doi.org/10.1177/00224871221142843
Kavanagh, S. S., & Bernhard, T. (2023, January 9). Managing tech integration in your classroom: It’s important for technology-influenced learning environments to encourage students to be active, collaborative, and engaged. Edutopia. https://www.edutopia.org/article/managing-tech-integration-classroom
Kavanagh, S. S., Danielson, K. A., & Schiavone Gotwalt, E. (2022). Preparing in advance to respond in-the-moment: Investigating parallel changes in planning and enactment in teacher professional development. Journal of Teacher Education. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/00224871221121767
Kavanagh, S. S., Resnick, A. F., Ghousseini, H., Gotwalt, E. S., Siy, E., Kazemi, E., & Dutro, E. (2022). Breaking the Fourth Wall in Collaborative Research: Beyond the Observer/Performer Binary in Research on Teacher Learning and Practice. Cognition & Instruction, 40(1), 126–147. https://doi.org/10.1080/07370008.2021.2010209
Herrmann, Z., & Kavanagh, S. S. (2021, October 19). Using classroom video to improve your teaching: Reflecting on and learning from captured moments in the classroom can be a powerful form of professional learning. Edutopia. https://www.edutopia.org/article/using-classroom-video-improve-your-teaching
Ghousseini, H., Kavanagh, S. S., Kazemi, E., & Dutro, E. (2021). The fourth wall of professional learning and cultures of collaboration. Educational Researcher, 51(3), 216–222. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X211058751
Kavanagh, S. S. (2021). Toward non-binary theories of practice in teacher education. Educational Researcher, 51(1), 66–71. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X211052058
Kavanagh, S.S. & Danielson, K. (2020). Practicing justice, justifying practice: Towards critical practice teacher education. American Educational Research Journal, 57(1), 69–105. https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831219848691
Kavanagh, S.S., Conrad, J., & Dagogo-Jack, S. (2020). From rote to reasoned: Examining the role of pedagogical reasoning in practice-based teacher education. Teaching and Teacher Education, 89, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2019.102991
Farrow, J., Kavanagh, S. S., Samudra, P., (2022) Exploring relationships between professional development and teachers’ enactments of project-based learning. Education Sciences, 12(282), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12040282
Potvin, A, Miller, E., Kuck, R., Berland, L, Boardman, A G., Kavanagh, S. S., Clark, T., Cheng, B. (2022). Mapping enabling conditions for high-quality PBL: A collaboratory approach. Education Sciences, 12(222), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12030222
Rangu, S., Danielson, K., Kavanagh, S. S., Catanoso, L., Magee, L., & Castelo-Soccio, L. (2021). Effects of a pilot educational intervention on perceptions of visible skin diseases in the pediatric population. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 85(5), 1329–1331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.10.068
Grossman P., Herrmann, Z., Kavanagh, S. S., & Pupik Dean, C. G. (2021). Core practices for project-based learning: A guide for teachers and leaders. Harvard Education Press.
Kavanagh, S. S., Metz, M., Hauser, M., Fogo, B., Carlson, J., & Taylor, M. (2020). Practicing responsiveness: Using approximations of teaching to build teachers’ instructional judgment. Journal of Teacher Education, 71(1), 94–107. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487119841884
Metz, M., Kavanagh, S. S., & Hauser, M. (2020). Developing adaptive expertise in facilitating text-based discussions: Attending to generalities and novelty. English Education, 52(4), 310–334.
Kavanagh, S. S., Monte-Sano, C., Reisman, A., Fogo, B., McGrew, S., Cipparone, P., & Jay, L. (2019). Teaching content in practice: Investigating rehearsals of social studies discussions. Teaching and Teacher Education, 86, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2019.06.017
Kavanagh, S. S. (2018). Practicing resistance: Teacher responses to intergroup aggression in the classroom. Equity & Excellence in Education, 51(2), 146–160. https://doi.org/10.1080/10665684.2018.1509748
Grossman, P., Kazemi, E., Kavanagh, S. S., Franke, M., & Dutro, E. (2019). Learning to Facilitate Discussions: Collaborations in Practice-Based Teacher Education. Teaching & Teacher Education, 81, 97–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2019.02.002
Grossman, P., Dean, C. P., Kavanagh, S. S. & Herrmann, Z. (2019). Preparing teachers for student-centered teaching: The core practices of project-based teaching. Phi Delta Kappan.
Reisman, A., Cipparone, P., Jay, L., Monte-Sano, C., Kavanagh, S. S., McGrew, S., & Fogo, B. (2019). Evidence of emergent practice: Teacher candidates facilitating historical discussions in their field placements. Teaching & Teacher Education. 80. 145–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2018.12.014
Von Esch, K. & Kavanagh, S. S. (2018). Preparing mainstream classroom teachers of English language learner (EL) students: Grounding practice-based designs for teacher learning in theories of expertise development. Journal of Teacher Education, 69(3), 239–251. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487117717467
Reisman, A., Kavanagh, S. S., Monte-Sano, C., Fogo, B., Simmons, E., & Cipparone, P. (2018). Facilitating whole-class discussions in history: A framework for preparing teacher candidates. Journal of Teacher Education, 69(3), 278–293. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487117707463
Hauser, M., & Kavanagh, S. S. (2019). Practice-based teacher education. In G. W. Noblit (Ed.), Oxford research encyclopedia of education. Oxford University Press.
Grossman, P., Kavanagh, S. S. , & Dean, C. P. (2018). The turn to practice in teacher education. In P. Grossman (Ed.), Teaching core practices in teacher education. Harvard Education Press.
Danielson, K., Kavanagh, S. S. , & Kazemi, E. (2018). Learning together. In P. Grossman (Ed.), Teaching core practices in teacher education. Harvard Education Press.
Kavanagh, S. S., & Rainey, E. (2017). Learning to support adolescent literacy: Teacher educator pedagogy and novice teacher take up in secondary English language arts teacher preparation. American Educational Research Journal, 54(5), 904–937. https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831217710423
Kavanagh, S. S. (2017). Practicing social justice: Towards a practice-based approach to learning to teach for social justice. In R. Brandenburg, K. Glasswell, M. Jones, & J. Ryan (Eds.), Reflective theories in teacher education practice: Process, impact, and enactment. Springer.
Kavanagh, S. S. (2016). The promise of anonymity: Investigating the instructional practice of ELA teachers who teach LGBTQ content. Teachers College Record, 118(12), 1–36.
Kavanagh, S. S. (2016). From contagious to resilient and beyond: A periodization of educational research on LGBTQ issues from Stonewall to today. International Journal of Multicultural Education, 18(3), 95–113.
McDonald, M., Kazemi, E., & Kavanagh, S. S. (2013). Core practices and pedagogies of teacher education: A call for a common language and collective activity. Journal of Teacher Education, 64, 378–386.
Kavanagh, S. S. (2012). Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender issues in K-12 education. In J. A. Banks (Ed.), The encyclopedia of diversity in education. Sage.
Kavanagh, S. S. (2012). Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender students: Conceptual approaches in research literature. In J. A. Banks (Ed.), The encyclopedia of diversity in education. Sage.
McDonald, M., Brayko, K., & Kavanagh, S. S. (2012). Service-learning in teacher education. In J. A. Banks (Ed.), The encyclopedia of diversity in education. Sage.
Kavanagh, S. S. (2011). Haunting remains: Educating a new American citizenry at Indian Hill Cemetery. In C. E. Boyd, & C. Thrush (Eds.), Phantom past, Indigenous presence: Native ghosts in North American culture and history. University of Nebraska Press.
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